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Indonesia

Since 2025, the NCEA has expanded its engagement in Indonesia in line with new presidential priorities aimed at securing food stability and protecting rapidly urbanising coastal zones.

Along the northern coast of Java, severe flooding—driven by sea‑level rise, land subsidence, and increased inland rainfall— is causing the loss of valuable agricultural land and threatening livelihoods, infrastructure and economic activity. In response to these urgent challenges, the President has prioritised the development of an integrated coastal protection strategy, formalised in an overall Masterplan.

To support this planning effort, the NCEA is assisting the new Coordinating Ministry for Basic Infrastructure (Kemenko IPK) and the recently established authority BOPPJ in developing the Masterplan. As part of a broader coaching trajectory, the NCEA has set up an Expert Panel to help verify information and strengthen the evidence base needed for consistent, sustainable decision‑making. The goal is to contribute to a Masterplan that enhances long‑term coastal resilience while safeguarding food production, urban areas, and economic capacity. Throughout the process, the NCEA will also support the integration of SEA into the planning stages and assist with the ESIA process for selected projects.

In addition to its work on integrated coastal development and protection, the NCEA is collaborating with the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources on renewable energy planning and circular economy options, and with the Ministry of Environment on capacity development and the effective application of ESIA as a legal instrument.

 

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Legislation in Indonesia

The Bahasa Indonesian term for EIA is AMDAL. Indonesia established a legal basis for EIA in 1982, and has revised its impact assessment system several times since then, both to reflect institutional changes, and in response to developments in the understanding of EIA. Detailed procedural requirements were first put in place in 1986, further refined in 1993, and amended in 1999, 2001, 2006, 2012, and most recently in 2020, when the Job Creation Law (JCL, also referred to as Omnibus Law) was introduced to bring a more “corporate-friendly” approach to environmental legislation.

The government passed this Omnibus Law in recognition of the need to improve competitiveness, enhance the investment climate, eliminate red tape and create new jobs. Alongside the 2009 Environmental Protection and Management Law, it is commonly referred to as the Environment Law. The Environment Law increases the possibility to take action against infringements of the EIA procedure, introduces a widely applicable requirement to carry out SEA for policies, plans and programmes, and includes a revised regulation for environmental permitting, also revising the EIA procedure.

EIA falls under the responsibility of the Ministry of Environment (Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup – KLH).

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