Ghana

The NCEA has been working in Ghana between 2008 and 2021. The NCEA recently resumed its activities in the country, with coastal protection and the mitigation of growing negative impacts from artisanal and small‑scale gold mining emerging as the principal areas requiring support.

The introduction of Nature‑based Solutions to address coastal erosion, as well as the planned formalisation of concession‑based mining operations, will both require integration into spatial development planning. Subject to future requests, we anticipate expanding our engagement in spatial planning in the coming years. The overarching aim is to strengthen planning processes and to promote the use of SESA as a framework for sustainable development and inclusive stakeholder engagement, supporting policy coordination, rehabilitation efforts, and sustainable livelihoods.

The new ESIA legislation adopted at the end of 2025 represents the most significant environmental regulatory reform in more than three decades and will require renewed capacity among practitioners—an area in which the NCEA is well positioned to provide substantial support.

Highlighted projects

Visit our Project Database for more projects in Ghana.

Legislation in Ghana

The Environmental Protection Act (1994) brought ESIA into the legal framework of Ghana. It introduced an ESIA system which consists three levels of assessment: initial, preliminary and a full assessment of the environmental impacts. Apart from extensive experiences with Environmental Impact Assessment (ESIA), Ghana has a relatively high level of experience with the application of Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA), particularly since 2002. Many capacity building activities have taken place in the framework of the Ghana Environmental Assessment Capacity Development Project (GeaCap phase 1, 1999-2001), the Strategic Environmental Assessment of the Ghana Poverty Reduction Strategy 2002-2004 and the Ghana Environmental Assessment and Support Project 2006-2008.

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is the key agency responsible for implementation of ESIA and SEA. It is the main decision-making authority during all stages of the ESIA process.